Jan 14, 2011 some unique features of the new constitution of ethiopia. Students will understand the issues involved in the creation and ratification of the united states constitution, the new government it established, and its continuing significance. Separation of powers power is split into the three braches, legislative. Constitutionalism is the idea, often associated with the political theories of john locke and the founders of the american republic, and equated with the concept of regula iuris, the rule of law, that government can and should be legally limited in its powers, and that its authority depends on enforcing these limitations. What are the basic elements of federalism in the new ethiopian constitution, and just how do they subserve the values of constitutional democracy. Seven basic principles of the constitution popular sovereignty the governments right to rule comes from the people limited government the government. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia home basic information general information the house of peoples representatives the house of the federation current developments chapter two fundamental principles of the constitution article 8 sovereignty of the people 1.
Provisions of this constitution set out in the masculine gender shall also apply to the feminine gender. Popular sovereignty the people rule, they have the power through voting. Ethiopian constitution the following english translation of the ethiopian draft constitution is an unofficial draft that has been released to enable members of the international community follow the discussions and forthcoming elections, pending publication of the official translation. The position of fdre constitution of nation nationality and peoples. All citizens, organs of state, political organizations, other associations as well as their officials have the duty to ensure observance of the constitution and to obey it. The constitution protects individual rights such as freedom of speech, freedom religion etc. The primary task facing the wpe following its formation in 1984 was to devise the new national constitution that would inaugurate the peoples democratic republic of ethiopia pdre. The constitution consists of 106 articles divided into 11 chapters. A person of either sex born to both or one ethiopian parent is of ethiopian nationality. Constitutional controversies are about whether an official act is consistent with, and authorized by, a constitution or. Watch on to learn what those ideals are and how they interact to ensure that our constitution and our government work well and as the. Fundamental principles of the constitution fundamental principles of the constitution fundamental principles of the constitution.
The constitution was drawn up by the constituent assembly that was elected in june 1994. Sovereignty resides in the nations, nationalities and peoples of ethiopia. The government is likely to reach its goal if it proceeds in that direction. Ethiopia between constitutional principles and reality. The constitution consists of 106 articles in 11 chapters. Here are six major features or principles of the current fdre ethiopian constitution. One feature of great import throughout the constitution, and one that places this constitution on a pedestal of its own, mo. Some unique features of the new constitution of ethiopia. The principles have been formulated principally with professional judges in mind, but they apply equally, as appropriate, to lay judges, where they exist. The ethiopian constitution provides specific safeguards for the safety and protection of pretrial detainees awaiting trial. This constitution is the legal expression of the sovereignty of the eritrean people. A constitution is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity, and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed when these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a written constitution. Aug 01, 2014 the vast majority of contemporary constitutions describe the basic principles of the state, the structures and processes of government and the fundamental rights of citizens in a higher law that cannot be unilaterally changed by an ordinary legislative act.
This constitution is an expression of their sovereignty. Start studying six basic principles of the constitution. On may 6, 2019, a representative gathering of experts who work on multisectoral projects and programs that integrate family planning gathered at family planning 2020 to explore the state of populationhealthenvironment issues, articulate collective objectives and strategies, and begin to identify opportunities for strengthened collaboration and action. Chapter two fundamental principles of the constitution. Ethiopian constitution of 1931 3 may be appointed o cers in the army or civil o cials, or to any other posts or o ces in the service of the state. To this end, the main purpose of this paper is to explain the new democratic constitutional. Cambridge core comparative law from parchment to practice edited by. Revised constitution of the empire of ethiopia for the benefit, welfare and progress of our beloved people. Fundamental principles of the constitution article 8. The term government in this chapter shall mean a federal or state government as the case may be.
This is the official youtube channel of ethiopian educational television. This higher law is usually referred to as a constitution. The following is a list of the similar basic features that are found in state constitutions. Article 16 guarantees that everyone has the right to protection against bodily harm. In most constitutional amendment procedures, the legislature needs to pass an amendment law. Even foreign nationals can apply to get ethiopian nationality through specified legal procedure.
Fundamental principles of the constitution ethiopia. Constitutional interpretation, or constitutional construction, the term more often used by the founders, is the process by which legal decisions are made that are justified by a constitution, although not necessarily correctly. The principles of the ethiopian constitution download scientific. A constitution determines the principles and procedures for political decisions which are made on the basis and within the framework of the constitution on a daytodaybasis, and according to the preferences of those who have won elections. Chapter iii of the constitution sets forth provisions. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia home basic information general information the house of peoples representatives the house of the federation current developments chapter two fundamental principles of the constitution.
Article 8 sovereignty of the people 1 all sovereign power resides in the nations, nationalities and. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia. In soviet law such a single and general principle is that of socialism the. A constitution is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity, and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. Any organ of government shall, in the implementation of the constitution, other laws and public policies, be guided by the principles and objectives specified under this chapter. All sovereign power resides in the nations, nationalities and peoples of ethiopia. To promote policies of foreign relations based on the protection of national interests and respect for the sovereignty of the country. This constitution enunciates the principles on which the state is based and by which it shall be guided and determines the organisation and operation of government.
Fundamental principles of the constitution goalgoole. Ohchr basic principles on the independence of the judiciary. Sep 11, 2016 the us constitution rests on six basic principles, or ideals. The us constitution rests on six basic principles, or ideals. What are the 3 basic principles of our constitution answers. Chapter two fundamental principles of the constitution article 8 sovereignty of the people. This is the official text as published in the federal negarit gazeta of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia, 1st year no. This collection includes resources that support teaching the fundamentals of the u.
The constitution was adopted on 8 december 1994 and promulgated by the constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia proclamation no. Given in our imperial capital, on this the 24th day of tekemt, 1948 ethiopian calandar, and on the twentyfifth anniversary of our coronation. About the constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia. All members of the ethiopian army owe absolute loyalty and obedience to the emperor, in conformity with the provisions of the law. Dec 10, 2018 here are six major features or principles of the current fdre ethiopian constitution. In march 1986, a 343member constitutional commission was formed to draft a new constitution based on the principles of scientific socialism. Chapter two fundamental constitutional principles article 8 sovereignty 1. Basic principles for the treatment of prisoners 1990. Download scientific diagram the principles of the ethiopian constitution from. The constitution is funda mental because it is the vehicle through which the people.
We, the nations, nationalities and peoples of ethiopia. In answering this question, it is important to attend not only to constitutional provisions that explicitly address federalism but also to provisions, without direct reference to federalism, whose. Article specifies that these rights and freedoms will be interpreted according to the universal declaration of human rights, the international covenant on civil and political rights, and other international instruments adopted by ethiopia. A constitution determines the principles and procedures for political decisions which are made on the basis and within the framework of the. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia wipo. The constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia fdre provides for basic principles to which it is committed. What are the basic principles of the fdre constitution in. Fundamental principles of the constitution fundamental principles of the constitution.
If politicians can decide on the framework in the same way. Chapter two fundamental principles of the constitution article 8. The ethiopian free press journalists association efja has demanded that china put an end to its complicity in jamming the ethiopian satellite television esat and other reputable broadcasters such as the voice of america and deutsche welle amharic services. A prescriptive constitution emphasizes the foundational function of the constitution as a basic charter of the states identity, which plays a key role in representing the ultimate goals and shared values that underpin the state lerner 2011. Moreover, the principles of constitutional supremacy, of respect for fundamental rights and freedoms, of secularism, and of accountability and transparency of government are stipulated as the basic principles of the constitution articles 812. It provides a collective vision of what might be considered a good. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. National policy principles and objectives ethiopia. It was adopted by the transitional government of ethiopia in december 1994 and came into force following the general election held in mayjune 1995.
Foreign nationals may acquire ethiopian nationality. Bill of rights all states, within their state constitutions, have a list of personal freedoms and rights, such as religion, speech, assembling together peaceably, the press, and perhaps the right to bear arms, and so forth. The federal constitutions supreme status in the hierarchy of laws in the country gave it a. The peoples democratic republic of ethiopia shall, while ae romplishing the national democratic revolution, lay the foundation for the ronsltuction of socialism. Esat, which recently resumed transmissions to ethiopia after nearly. The constitution shows direction to the government. The vast majority of contemporary constitutions describe the basic principles of the state, the structures and processes of government and the fundamental rights of citizens in a higher law that cannot be unilaterally changed by an ordinary legislative act. The constitution advises the government to avoid disputes, and also to disputes.
The major sources of ethiopian law dealing with issues of privacy and data protection can generally be grouped into four categories. Government and all ethiopian citizens shall have the duty to protect the countrys natural endowment, historical sites and objects. This paper tries to explain constitution, constitutionalism and foundation of democracy in ethiopia. Strongly committed, in full and free exercise of our right to selfdetermination, to building a political community founded on the rule of law and capable of ensuring a lasting peace, guaranteeing a democratic order, and advancing our economic and social development. The independence of the judiciary shall be guaranteed by the state and enshrined in the constitution or the law of the country.
Pdf constitution, constitutionalism and foundation of. Posts about 1995 constitution of ethiopia written by jontambek. Six basic principles of the constitution flashcards quizlet. It sets out the responsibilities of the government to the people and the responsibilities of the people to the government and to other citizens. A proposed revision of the 1955 constitution was released in 1974, but it had no legal effect, and was soon forgotten in the events of the ethiopian revolution until the adoption of the first of these constitutions, the concepts of. The three basic principles of our constitution are inalienable rights life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, selfgovernment the people govern themselves, and separation of powers the. Any law, customary practice or a decision of an organ of state or a public official which contravenes this constitution shall be of no effect. After a brief historical introduction in part i, this chapter proposes to broadly revisit the principles discussed in the reference to assess their role and impact in the ethiopian constitution. It is the duty of government to follow this blue print. The current constitution of ethiopia, which is the supreme law of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia, came into force on 21 august 1995.
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