In addition, the highest mortality percentage of c. Laboratory and field efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi for the management of the sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius coleoptera. Probably the most famous one was written by french inquisitor bernard gui around salem witch trials this complex system of using ants as metaphors for various aspects of christian belief and practice is only really addressed in the first few lines of each chapter, after which. Dialogus ad vitam christianam exemplo conditionum formice johannes nider full view. A trap for monitoring the sweetpotato weevil coleoptera. Larvae are legless, white to cream colored with a pale brown head. Sweet potato weevils it is best to take vine tip cuttings from fields with few weevils.
Even small populations of sweet potato weevils can produce crop losses of up to 60 to 100% during the dry season 1. Trapping sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius coleoptera. The sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius, stores free sperm in both the testes and the seminal vesicle, even though the primary function of the testes is sperm production. Olfactionbased approaches, such as use of synthetic sex pheromones to monitor populations and the baitand.
Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Studies were conducted to examine the characteristics of infestation of vines of sweet potato plants by the sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius f. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page the subspecies cylas formicarius elegantulus was created for the new world weevil to separate it from the cylas formicarius formicarius of the old world. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. But numerous sex pheromone studies indicate that these two groups are the same species and not two subspecies ns talekar, avrdc, taiwan, personal communication, 1996. Sweet potato ipomoea batatas journal of entomology and zoology. Among the nations of the world, the united states is the 12th great. Improved practical synthesis of the sex pheromone of female. Curculionidae, and intensity of damage done to sweet potato ipomoea batatasl in kerala were assessed in an elaborate survey aaopting a purposive and stratified random sampling technique. Development and characterization of microsatellites from. Resistance in sweet potatoes to the sweetpotato fkrmicarius, cylas formicarius elegantulus summers. To conduct population genetics analyses on sweetpotato weevils cylas formicarius elegantulus collected from three populations in the united states, microsatellite loci were developed from sweetpotato weevil transcriptome sequences obtained from a publicly available database.
Pdf biology of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius f. However, there is limited knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying growth and differentiation of c. This page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 06. Sep 11, 2017 the sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius, is a serious pest of sweetpotato. His work formicarius, published around, is an important. The weevil is a serious pest of sweet potato in numerous caribbean countries. Sweet potato weevil is the most disastrous pest affecting sweet potato plantations, causing millions of dollars losses annually. Jul 11, 2012 the sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius coleoptera. Recorded average yields in this crop are too low 6,5 tha and it is largely attributable to several reasons involving soil quality, lack of irrigation facilities and damage caused by sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius f. Overall, this research gave new potential sources of chitin that can be applied in improving the virulence of b. Therefore, the use of weevilfree sweet potato cuttings is often advised.
In severely infested fields, as many of 88% of tubers can be damaged. Brentidae 2 factor affecting larval development rate, with larval development not including the prepupal period occurring in about 10 and 35 days at 30c and 24c, respectively. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. The transcriptomes of the eggs, second instar larvae, third instar larvae l3, pupae, females, and males of c. Genetic variations of the internal transcribed spacer1 region in sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius, were examined from 27 collection sites in the main infested areas in the world, except africa, in this study. The weevils were found on yoron island, a southernmost part of southwestern islands, in 1915, then on. Brentidae introduction distribution life cycle and description host plants natural enemies damage management selected references introduction back to top. Pdf adult female and male sweetpotato weevils, cylas formicarius. Cylas brunneus showed a background characteristic as cylas formicarius 31. Shared binding sites for the bacillus thuringiensis proteins. Pdf behavioral repertory of adult cylas formicarius fabricius. Vines can be free from weevil infestation by dipping into a solution of insecticides 46.
Management of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius a world. It causes damage in the field, in storage, and is of quarantine significance. The weevil can be managed by integrated pest management ipm strategy, which includes host plant. Selection of suitable entomopathogenic nematodes for. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Cylas formicarius is a major pest of sweetpotato in papua new guinea. In the 1900s, the spw invaded okinawa and spread to the northern islands of amami 1940 and tokara 1950 setokuchi 1990. Key words cylas formicarius elegantulus summers, coleoptera, cur culionidae, sex pheromone, sweetpotato weevil, markreleaserecapture. Cylas formicarius has rapidly expanded its distribution area towards southwestern islands of kagoshima prefecture since it was found in okinawa islands. Brentidae article pdf available in journal of insect behavior 144. Cylas is a genus of sweet potato weevils in the beetle family brentidae. Pengendalian hama penggerek ubi jalar cylas formicarius. The larva creates winding tunnels packed with fecal material as it feeds and grows. Sweet potato weevil control was formkcarius in a field planted away from a weevilinfested field, whereas the tubers were heavily infested when the fields were adjacent to each other. Our study quantifies the effectiveness of risk mitigation procedures of sweet potatoes before shipment in relation to. Assessment of risk of introduction of cylas formicarius. Introduction the sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius spw, is one of the most serious pests of the sweetpotato, ipomoea batatas l. Sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius insecta.
Life cycle adults are antlike, shiny, blueblack, snout beetles whose waist and legs are bright orangered. Larval feeding on storage roots reduces yield and induces terpene production, rendering roots inedible. Diurnal periodicity of deathfeigning in cylas formicarius coleoptera. Storage roots produced under drought or normal conditions were tested for adult feeding, oviposition, larval survival and pupal weight in the laboratory under nochoice and free choice test conditions. Stathers t, namanda s, mwanga ro, khisa g, kapinga r. Johannes nider, formicarius 1435 1438 introductory note. Formicarius nider pdf johannes nider was a german theologian and member of the dominican order. It is native to indonesia where it if found on the wild plants of the genus ipomea zimmerman, 1994. Mortality was observed 48 hrs after first contact between nematodes and insects. Since then, the integrated pest management ipm program has extended its application and, nowadays, it has become the main control method for this pest, the damage has been reduced and yields have. Eradication of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius.
Selection of suitable entomopathogenic nematodes for biological control of sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius coleoptera. Brentidae, is one of the most important pests of sweet potatoes in the world. Johannes nider 80851438 was born in southern swabia and entered the dominican order shortly after 1402. A series of experiments were conducted in the instructional. Filter paper was put in the bottom of petri dish, and moistened by suspension of 250 ijs nematodes. Oct 16, 2019 cylas formicarius were collected from farms in cudgen, new south wales and bundaberg queensland as immatures within infested storage roots and supplemented by adult males caught using sex. Pdf sweet potato weevil cylas formicarius incidence in. Brentidae, is the most serious pest of sweetpotato around the world, damaging sweetpotatoes in the field and in storage, as well as being a quarantine pest. Jun 27, 2019 cylas formicarius, the scientific name of sweet potato weevil, is the most common pest that affects sweet potato. Female fecundity was significantly reduced in treatments where females were infected directly and maintained in pairs with either infected or. Publication date 1992 topics nematodes as biological pest control agents, cylas formicarius. Cylas formicarius wikipedia for example, in taiwan, less damage by c. Weevil infestation ranges from 20 to 50% on many farms and can even reach to 100% depending on the season and variety.
Our study quantifies the effectiveness of risk mitigation procedures of sweet potatoes before shipment in. The sweetpotato weevils in hawaii their biology and control by martin sherman and minoru tamashiro introduction the sweetpotato, ipomoea batatas poir. Top of page the subspecies cylas formicarius elegantulus was created for the new. After studying at the universities of vienna and cologne, he attended the council of constance in 141518 and was prior of the dominican convent at nuremberg in 1426729. Entomopathogenic nematode on sweet potato weevil journal of. The sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius is recongnized as the most important pest of sweet potato, ipomoea batata l. Management of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius a.
Apr 01, 2007 we assessed the risk associated with introduction of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius elegantulus summers coleoptera. Lamarck, is one of the top ten staple crops produced worldwide, trailing only corn, rice, wheat, potatoes, cassava, and barley fao 2014. Pdf behavioral repertory of adult cylas formicarius. Selection of sweetpotato cultivars with resistance to insect pests has been carried out for over a century but no high yielding. In this study, the chronic effects of infection with metarhizium anisopliae strain qs155 in adult c. Pdf management of sweet potato weevil cylas formicarius.
Cylas formicarius distribution in terengganu in this study, it was observed that all damaged sweet potatoes collected from cultivation areas and markets were highly infested by c. The sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius, feeds and breeds on ipomoea spp. Three experiments were carried out at two locations hobu and unitech to evaluate the effect of inorganic fertiliser inputs. The virulence improvement of beauveria bassiana in infecting. The research was conducted on juneoctober 2014 at muneng research station, probolinggo, east java, using randomized block design, five treatments. Few areas in the above regions where sweet potato is grown are free from its destruction.
Their infestation normally causes 20 to 50% of damage in most commercial plantations. Cylas formicarius wikispecies wikispecies, free species. The weevil is managed by a package of practices together called integrated pest management ipm. The use of terminal tender vine cuttings, taken even from heavily weevil.
The sweetpotato weevil spw, cylas formicarius fabricius, is one of the most destructive pests of the sweetpotato. Host preference of sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius. Media in category cylas formicarius the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. Top of page the subspecies cylas formicarius elegantulus was created for the new world weevil to separate it from the cylas formicarius formicarius of the old world. Cylas latreille is a paleotropical genus of about 25 known species that form a distinctive group within the superfamily of weevils coleoptera. Effects of starvation on deathfeigning behavior, or thanatosis, were observed in adults of the sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius f. Cylas formicarius, the sweet potato weevil, is a species of sweet potato weevil in the beetle family brentidae.
Here, it was investigated sperm storage in the testes in relation to mating frequency. Chronic effects and horizontal transmission of metarhizium. Characteristics of infestation of sweet potato by sweet. Antennal transcriptome and expression analyses of olfactory. Influence of sweetpotato weevil infestation on the yields of twelve sweet potato lines. The objective of this study was to obtain the effective and efficiency control technique of sweetpotato weevils.
The incidence of sweet potato weevil cylas formicarius fabricius coleoptera. Cylas formicarius is considered the single most important pest of sweetpotato. It is inherently of interest to entomologists due to its strikingly colorful appearance and extremely long rostrum beak. In 1993, inivit and cip established a collaborative research program to develop an integrated management on sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius. Topics taxonomy, new species, costa rica, formicarius, birds collection citebank language english. A significantly lower proportion of deathfeigned adults was observed in starved weevils compared with unstarved controls in both sexes. Cylas formicarius approximately 10x larger than actual size weevil eggs, larvae and pupae can be carried in vine cuttings. Mar 21, 2020 cylas formicarius sweet potato weevil temperature is the principal factor affecting larval development rate, with larval development not including the prepupal period occurring in about 10 and 35 days at 30 o and 24 o c, respectively. Transcriptome and gene expression analysis of cylas. Bioassay test against cylas formicarius larvae, pupae and adult of c.
Kehilangan hasil akibat serangan hama ini berkisar antara 1080%, bergantung pada lokasi, jenis. Because of the cryptic nature of the larvae and nocturnal activity of the adults, and the cancellation of longresidual. Johannes niders formicarius was a demonological treatise written during the council of basel in switzerland. Brentidae, from infested areas to noninfested areas via shipment of sweet potato, ipomoea batatas l. Because of the cryptic nature of the larvae and nocturnal activity of. Pdf adult female and male sweetpotato weevils, cylas formicarius fabricius, have repertories of at least 19 and 21 behavior patterns, respectively find, read and cite all the research. Improved practical synthesis of the sex pheromone of female sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius int. Cylas formicarius, the sweet potato weevil, is a species of sweet potato weevil in the beetle. The sweetpotato weevils in hawaii their biology and control. Keefektifan cendawan metarhizium brunneum petch terhadap. Sweetpotato weevil is the most serious pest of sweet potato, not only in the united states, but around the world. Curculionidae is one of the major pest on sweetpotato which can cause yield lost up to 100%. Factsheet cylas formicarius fabricius sweet potato weevil.
Laboratory and field efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi. Brentidae, is an important pest of sweet potato worldwide. The sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius fabricius coleoptera. Dec, 2019 cylas formicarius wikipedia for example, in taiwan, less damage by c. Insecticides with adequate water solubility are presumably transported through the vine and kill the weevils in that plant part. Sperm supply from the testes to the seminal vesicle over. If this is not possible and you can see that your cuttings are carrying weevil eggs and larvae, you can soak them in an insecticide. Ipomoea batatas, cylas formicarius, detection, monitoring, mass trapping sweetpotato, ipomoea batatas l. Organic mulches reduce crop attack by sweetpotato weevil. Ted control of sweet pot a to weevil cylas formcarllis fa. Introduction mechanisms and rates of dispersal for cylas formicarius elegantuius sum mers, the sweetpotato weevil spw, have been mostly speculative. With free trade between the united states and the u.
Sweet potato is an important food crop that is grown widely in tropical and subtropical regions. In taiwan, it damages on average about 18% of tubers. Sweet potato is the main staple crop in png and this paper presents a study from the humid lowlands of the morobe province. Cylas puncticollis boheman and cylas brunneus fabricius occur in east africa, whereas cylas formicarius summers is found in both tropical and subtropical areas worldwide 2, 3. The origin of cylas formicarius is not definitely known, but it is thought it may have originated in africa or india. Sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius edis university of florida. However, females needed a longer starvation period than males to show the decreased proportion of deathfeigning. Because the larval period is spent within vines or tubers, and the adults are nocturnal, chemical control frequently is not effective. An effective integrated pest management ipm method will help to prevent economic losses, and it is crucial to understand the factors that contribute to weevil. The its1 lengths of 36 weevils tested in this study ranged from 557 to 587 bp, and were conspicuously longer in weevils from india. Seven field trapping experiments were conducted from february 20 to november 2015 as part of an effort to develop a simple, easy to construct, cost.
We assessed the risk associated with introduction of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius elegantulus summers coleoptera. Recently the sex pheromone of spw has been isolated, identified, and synthesized. Curculionoidea and are currently placed in the family brentidae wolfe 1991. Entomopathogenic, beauveria bassiana, cylas formicarius, ipomea batatas, chitin. Nineteen of 27 microsatellite loci tested were usable for population analyses.
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